The omission (ellipsis) in a humorous rhyme has not yet become the subject of special consideration, although its studying helps to understand the poetics of the genre of miniature. The article explores stylistic and plot omissions. Among the stylistic ones, special attention is paid to the lexical ones in substantivation, which simultaneously identify the subject, characterize and express an attitude towards it. The plot omissions are analysed depending on the plot-compositional structure of the texts. Some of them arise when the typical for the genre artistic time expands: there is an appeal from the present to the past. The small form does not allow showing the unfolding of the event in time and, in addition to the present, one fragment of the past is selected and part of the content is transferred to the subtext. There are two well-established models for the implementation of this form: humorous rhyme-memories containing the formula "remember ..., and now ..." and humorous rhymes with the formula "... it was ..., and now ...". The past and present are presented in them with a diametrically opposite evaluation, the motivation for change is omitted. A more productive model turned out to be the one without rigid formulas, where, in addition to temporary opposition, other ones, not so straightforward, appear. It has a variety of plots, omissions and subtext. Omissions are also used in texts with a cross-cutting development of the topic, where sometimes the logical relationship between the actions of a character, circumstances and action, action and reaction to it are violated. That needs explanation, which is omitted, creating the possibility of different interpretations, i.e. ambiguous subtext. The nature of omissions becomes more complicated in two-part humorous rhymes, where the relationships linking the different components of the parts are transferred into the subtext. So, plot omissions give rise to a subtext that creates an artistic capacity that allows to convey in the miniature genre the complexity of a person's inner experiences, the depth of penetration into the inner world. The omissions deserve further study, establishing their typology, which will open up opportunities for introducing humorous rhymes into the circle of the lyrical miniature genre in the world literature.
|
