The article considers previously unknown circumstances of epistolary, creative and everyday communication of the half-forgotten peasant poet of the «Yesenin school», graduate of the Higher literary and artistic Institute named after V.Ya. Bryusov D.I. Morskoy (1897-1956) with A.M. Gorky (1868-1936), which partly led to the accusation of the first in «anti-Soviet agitation among writers» and after that repeatedly repressed. In the works of former researchers The relations between the writers were idealized in favor of the prevailing historical and literary paradigm and due to ideological reasons. In this publication, new materials from the archives of A.M. Gorky (Institute of world literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and D.I. Morskoy (Central state archive of the Republic of Mordovia, personal funds) are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time: letters, poetic, prose, memoirs of Morskoy: «Maxim Gorky» (1927), «On the Boulevard» (1927), «About a fallen bird (Maxim Gorky)» (1935), «Unheard voice» (late 1920 - early 1930s), «What killed me <?>« (1938), «Memoirs of D.I. Morsky about A.M. Gorky» (1954) - allowing to revise the previous literary installations. Conclusions are drawn about more complex than previously seen, ideological, estetic, psychological reasons that arose in the early 1930s disagreements between the founder of Soviet literature and the young author, a native of the provincial Mordovian environment of the former Samara province. The submitted documents complement with the new features the look of Gorky, forced to maneuver in conditions of temporary emigration between, on the one hand, foreign intellectuals, on the other - the highest Soviet bureaucracy, the literary «elite» and the oppositional writers‘ votes of the worker-peasant environment in the Soviet Union, declared itself on the soil of disappointment in the aftermath of the 1917 revolution, with its unrealized statements about the "hegemony of the proletariat" in the new socialist society
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